You are correct that he emmigrated from Ireland in 1831 and settled in Montreal. After a number of years, around 1837-1838 he, his wife and their two youngest boys, John Morton Brady and William Henry Brady, all moved to New york. Where sampson eventually became a citizen in 1840, and dying there one year later. the death date you have (12/17/1852) is for his son sampson brady who died in montreal. his family eventually moved back to montreal.
I have lots have further info about his descendants and lots of documentation if your interested. Contact me.